Burns

You skin can be burned by exposure to high temperatures, to certain chemicals (acids and bases), radiation (most commonly the sun), or to a powerful electric current

• First degree. Mild pain, red skin, no blisters, only on the outer skin (epidermis). Heals in less than a week
• Second degree. Pain, blisters, clear fluid, swelling. Through the epidermis and down to the papillary dermis
• Third degree. Severe burn, nerve damage and less sensation or pain. Fixed red staining or white appearance. Burned to deep skin (reticular dermis)
• Fourth degree. Severe burn, right through skin and down to underlying muscle, tissue and bone. Charred or leathery, burned blood vessels, no feeling

The immediate treatment for a burn is cold running water, as soon as possible. Run to that cold tap, every second makes a difference. This cools it down and stops further burning, and then constricts the blood vessels. Hold it under cold water for 10 minutes

After the burn is cool, gently remove rings, watches, clothing or anything that may constrict the area if it starts to swell. Do not try to remove anything that is stuck to burned skin. Cover the area with clean, non-fluffy material

Do NOT apply butter, oils or creams to burns. They do not help, and can spread infection

First and second degree burns respond well to home treatment. Third and fourth degree burns need urgent medical attention